二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
21．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations __________ would bring about positive emotions.
22．Gone are the days __________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies.
23．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ____________they can be controlled on purpose.
24．Disney, ____________ money was now no problem, started a new film company.
25．There is no simple answer, __________ is often the case in science.
26．_____ enters the computer rooms should take off his shoes in order to keep them clean enough.
27．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _______ he could have expressed it differently.
28．—Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?
—Of course. What is it?
—I __________________(wonder) if you could tell me how to fill out this form.
29．They believed that by using computers the production of their factory __________________(increase) greatly.
30．He wrote a letter to me _______________(inform) about what’s going on in the world.
31．The manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.
32．The government stressed that efforts must be made to prevent risks ______ (arise) from gathering of tourists.
33．But for the medical team’s efforts, more lives _______(claim) in this pandemic.
34．We choose this hotel because the price for a night is down to $ 20, half of _____ it used to charge.
35．What you did seems ______ (violate) the law. It won’t be long before you are sent into prison.
36．The importance of music and the effort ______ has on children’s intelligence development has been widely acknowledged.
37．It is necessary that every rule we set up _______(apply) to everyone.
38．Hard _______ the doctors had tried to save his life, the scholar died in the end.
39．It is the third time that the little boy __________ (subscribe) to China Daily.
40．TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a social media platform ______ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.
21．which/that
22．when
23．to which
24．for whom
25．As
26．Whoever
27．That
28．was wondering
29．would increase/would be increased
30．informing
【分析】
21．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“would bring about positive emotions．”是定语从句，句中的先行词是 situations（指物），在从句中作主语；故填which/that。
22．考查定语从句。从句整个修饰days“那些日子”为名词，故为定语从句。分析从句结构可知，主语 surgery 谓语meant 宾语cutting a patient 句子结构完整。关系代词只能充当从句的状语。所以只能选择when。前面gone are the days 是倒装结构。故填when。
23．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，to which中的which指代前面提到的degree，由于表示“在……程度上”时，degree前面习惯上要搭配介词to。故填to which。
24．考查定语从句。分析句子结构及其意思可知，介词for提前，用宾格形式。故填for whom。
25．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。
26．考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，主语从句缺少主语，根据意思分析主语为人，且意为“无论谁”。故填Whoever。
27．考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，句意：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分。故填that。
28．考查过去进行时。分析句子结构可知，过去进行时可以表示一种过去一段时间的状态。后面的if译作“是否”。这种进行时有一种谦虚礼貌的成分在里面。注意：如果填改成wondered也可，不过就没有那么礼貌了。故填was wondering。
29．考查过去将来时的被动态和主动态。分析句子结构可知，产量是被使用电脑提高的。故使用被动态。又有by using computers 方式状语提前。此处也可以理解为产量自己提高，故亦可使用主动态。故填would increase/would be increased。
30．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知主句结构完整，已经有了一个谓语wrote，且此处是“He”主动通知我，为主动的意味。故填informing。
【点睛】
定语从句关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:
(1) -看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或who whom ,指人时通常不用which等)。
(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是做主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose ,有时也用which ;作状语要用when, where, why) ;作状语要。
(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析第5小题，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。
31．whoever
32．arising
33．would have been claimed
34．what
35．to have violated
36．it
37．apply
38．as
39．have subscribed
40．where
【解析】
31．
考查宾语从句。句意：经理已决定把他认为精力充沛、聪明的人任命为公司的领导。______ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“任何人”，所以填whoever。
32．
考查非谓语动词。句意：政府强调，必须努力防止游客聚集带来的风险。prevent sb. / sth. doing sth.防止某人/某物做某事，所以填arising。
33．
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是医疗队的努力，这场大流行病会夺去更多的生命。这是一个含蓄虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句：主语 + should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。claim 意思是夺去，“生命”和“夺去”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填would have been claimed。
34．
考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家酒店是因为一晚的价格降到了20美元，是过去的一半。_____ it used to charge.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代“所需的费用”，所以填what。
35．
考查固定用法和不定式的完成式。句意：你的所作所为似乎违反了法律。不久你就会被送进监狱。seem to do sth.似乎做某事，该用法是固定用法，“违反法律”先于“被送进监狱”，用不定式的完成式，所以填to have violated。
36．
考查代词。句意：音乐的重要性及其对儿童智力发展的作用，已得到广泛承认。______ has on children’s intelligence development是一个定语从句，省略了关系词that，修饰先行词the effort，该空是定语从句的主语，指代music，所以填it。
37．
考查主语从句的虚拟语气。句意：我们制定的每一条规则必须适用于每个人。分析句子结构，that every rule we set up _______(apply) to everyone. 是主语从句，it是形式主语。we set up是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词every rule。It is necessary that结构中，在主语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填apply。
38．
考查部分倒装。句意：尽管医生们竭力挽救他的生命，这位学者最后还是去世了。as可引起让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分，所以填as。
39．
考查时态。句意：这是这个小男孩第三次订阅《中国日报》。It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...句型中的 that 从句谓语动词用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。根据It is，可知用现在完成时，所以填have subscribed.
40．
考查定语从句。句意：TikTok，在中国被称为抖音，是一个可以轻松编辑和上传短视频的社交媒体平台。______ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a social media platform，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
21．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations __________ would bring about positive emotions.
22．Gone are the days __________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies.
23．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ____________they can be controlled on purpose.
24．Disney, ____________ money was now no problem, started a new film company.
25．There is no simple answer, __________ is often the case in science.
26．_____ enters the computer rooms should take off his shoes in order to keep them clean enough.
27．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _______ he could have expressed it differently.
28．—Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?
—Of course. What is it?
—I __________________(wonder) if you could tell me how to fill out this form.
29．They believed that by using computers the production of their factory __________________(increase) greatly.
30．He wrote a letter to me _______________(inform) about what’s going on in the world.
31．The manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.
32．The government stressed that efforts must be made to prevent risks ______ (arise) from gathering of tourists.
33．But for the medical team’s efforts, more lives _______(claim) in this pandemic.
34．We choose this hotel because the price for a night is down to $ 20, half of _____ it used to charge.
35．What you did seems ______ (violate) the law. It won’t be long before you are sent into prison.
36．The importance of music and the effort ______ has on children’s intelligence development has been widely acknowledged.
37．It is necessary that every rule we set up _______(apply) to everyone.
38．Hard _______ the doctors had tried to save his life, the scholar died in the end.
39．It is the third time that the little boy __________ (subscribe) to China Daily.
40．TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a social media platform ______ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.
21．which/that
22．when
23．to which
24．for whom
25．As
26．Whoever
27．That
28．was wondering
29．would increase/would be increased
30．informing
【分析】
21．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“would bring about positive emotions．”是定语从句，句中的先行词是 situations（指物），在从句中作主语；故填which/that。
22．考查定语从句。从句整个修饰days“那些日子”为名词，故为定语从句。分析从句结构可知，主语 surgery 谓语meant 宾语cutting a patient 句子结构完整。关系代词只能充当从句的状语。所以只能选择when。前面gone are the days 是倒装结构。故填when。
23．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，to which中的which指代前面提到的degree，由于表示“在……程度上”时，degree前面习惯上要搭配介词to。故填to which。
24．考查定语从句。分析句子结构及其意思可知，介词for提前，用宾格形式。故填for whom。
25．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。
26．考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，主语从句缺少主语，根据意思分析主语为人，且意为“无论谁”。故填Whoever。
27．考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，句意：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分。故填that。
28．考查过去进行时。分析句子结构可知，过去进行时可以表示一种过去一段时间的状态。后面的if译作“是否”。这种进行时有一种谦虚礼貌的成分在里面。注意：如果填改成wondered也可，不过就没有那么礼貌了。故填was wondering。
29．考查过去将来时的被动态和主动态。分析句子结构可知，产量是被使用电脑提高的。故使用被动态。又有by using computers 方式状语提前。此处也可以理解为产量自己提高，故亦可使用主动态。故填would increase/would be increased。
30．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知主句结构完整，已经有了一个谓语wrote，且此处是“He”主动通知我，为主动的意味。故填informing。
【点睛】
定语从句关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:
(1) -看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或who whom ,指人时通常不用which等)。
(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是做主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose ,有时也用which ;作状语要用when, where, why) ;作状语要。
(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析第5小题，此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。故填as。
31．whoever
32．arising
33．would have been claimed
34．what
35．to have violated
36．it
37．apply
38．as
39．have subscribed
40．where
【解析】
31．
考查宾语从句。句意：经理已决定把他认为精力充沛、聪明的人任命为公司的领导。______ he thinks is energetic and clever in the position of the leadership of the company.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“任何人”，所以填whoever。
32．
考查非谓语动词。句意：政府强调，必须努力防止游客聚集带来的风险。prevent sb. / sth. doing sth.防止某人/某物做某事，所以填arising。
33．
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是医疗队的努力，这场大流行病会夺去更多的生命。这是一个含蓄虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句：主语 + should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。claim 意思是夺去，“生命”和“夺去”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填would have been claimed。
34．
考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家酒店是因为一晚的价格降到了20美元，是过去的一半。_____ it used to charge.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代“所需的费用”，所以填what。
35．
考查固定用法和不定式的完成式。句意：你的所作所为似乎违反了法律。不久你就会被送进监狱。seem to do sth.似乎做某事，该用法是固定用法，“违反法律”先于“被送进监狱”，用不定式的完成式，所以填to have violated。
36．
考查代词。句意：音乐的重要性及其对儿童智力发展的作用，已得到广泛承认。______ has on children’s intelligence development是一个定语从句，省略了关系词that，修饰先行词the effort，该空是定语从句的主语，指代music，所以填it。
37．
考查主语从句的虚拟语气。句意：我们制定的每一条规则必须适用于每个人。分析句子结构，that every rule we set up _______(apply) to everyone. 是主语从句，it是形式主语。we set up是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词every rule。It is necessary that结构中，在主语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填apply。
38．
考查部分倒装。句意：尽管医生们竭力挽救他的生命，这位学者最后还是去世了。as可引起让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分，所以填as。
39．
考查时态。句意：这是这个小男孩第三次订阅《中国日报》。It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...句型中的 that 从句谓语动词用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。根据It is，可知用现在完成时，所以填have subscribed.
40．
考查定语从句。句意：TikTok，在中国被称为抖音，是一个可以轻松编辑和上传短视频的社交媒体平台。______ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a social media platform，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。
