1. ______ from the hill-top the lake scenery is beyond description.
A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Having seen
解析：答案是C 这句的主语是The lake scenery, 与see的关系是动宾，景色是被看的，所以应该用过去分词做状语，表示被动。
2.Pressed from his parents, and ______ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized
解析：答案是A。介词后通常要用动名词，不用不定式。有时候当介词与所考查的动名词被其他成分所隔开时，容易被忽略。介词 from 后接有两个并列成分作宾语，一个是 his parents，另一个是 realizing that…。句意为：一方面来自父母的压力，另一方面自己也意识到已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定不再玩电子游戏了。又如：After looking up their number in the phone book and making sure l had got it right, I phoned again. 我查了电话簿，确信电话号码无误之后，我又打了电话。
3. ______ in the strange forest, the poor girls fell to ______.
A. Lost，crying B. Lost，cry
C. To lost，cry D. Having been lost，crying
解析：答案是A 前后主语一致,前半句省略主语girl,lost是迷路的意思 句意：在陌生的森林里迷路了，可怜的姑娘们哭了起来。
4. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ on his own farm.
A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow
解析：答案是A。由于名词fresh fruit与动词grow之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项D。而B和C虽然可以表示被动，但与句意不吻合，因为being grown表示一个正在进行的被动动作，to be grown表示一个尚未发生的被动动作，均不合题意。
5. They’ll have you ______ if you don’t pay your taxes.
A. to be arrested B. arrest C. arrested D. being arrested
解析：答案是C 如果你不缴税，他们就会逮捕你。因为，缴税是每一个人的义务。have sth /sb done ，这里宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系
6.I remembered ______ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked
解析：答案是B。remember 后接不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语均可，但意思不同：后接不定式表示记住要做某事，后接动名词表示记住做过的事情。根据句意，选B最合适。句意为：我在离开办公室前记住了要锁门，但忘记了要关灯。又如：Please remember to water the plants while I’m away. 我不在时，请记住浇花。
7. All flights ______ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.
A. having cancelled B. were cancelled
C. have been cancelled D. having been cancelled
解析：答案是D 本题考查独立主格结构。根据句子结构，空格应填非非谓语动词，排除AB，其逻辑主语为All flights，而句子的主语是we，因此是考查独立主格结构，flights与cancel之间为被动关系，故选Ｄ。若选Ｂ，则题目应变成when引导的时间状语从句
8. _________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
解析：答案选A。对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理。(be) faced with为固定搭配，其意为“面对”，又如：They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。
9. ________ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
解析：答案是B。根据句意，句子主语the postman与动词bite之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项C；再根据句意（尤其是注意关键词twice）可知，表示正在进行选项A和表示将要发生的选项D均不合题意。全句意为：邮递员被狗咬了两次之后要我们把狗拴起来，不然就不给我们送信了。
10. There have been several new events _________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add
C. adding D. added
解析：答案是D。过去分词作后置定语的特征是：表被动，通常可视为一个被动语态的省略形式。added to the program可视为which have been added to the program之省略。
11. Although it was very late when John began doing the job, he managed with his friend’s assistance, ______ before the building was locked.
A. to be finished B. being finished C. finishing D. to finish
解析：答案是D 独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等逻辑主语＋非谓语动词
12. Despite the earnest efforts of various private groups as well as government agencies, many of the problems have not yet been solved, and much remains to ______.
A. have been done B. be done C. have done D. do
解析：答案是B earnest efforts 认真的努力更合适； sth remain to be done 有待完成
13. If there’s no reply at the front door, _________ round the back
A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming
解析：答案是A 前面是从句。______ round the back 这部分是主句， 在没有主语的情况下只能看成是祈使句， 动词原形开头。B 选项要主语， CD 两个是非谓语动词， 选任何一个都不能使后一部分成为一个主句
14. ________ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
解析：答案是B。首先要注意tired与tiring的意思有区别：前者表示“感到疲劳的”，后者表示“令人疲劳的”或“累人的”，根据句意，显然不宜用tiring，故可排除C；由于是与形容词短语short of breath相并列，所以应选形容词tired。句意为：虽然累得上气不接下气，但安迪和鲁比是最先到达泰山山项的。
A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Having seen
解析：答案是C 这句的主语是The lake scenery, 与see的关系是动宾，景色是被看的，所以应该用过去分词做状语，表示被动。
2.Pressed from his parents, and ______ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized
解析：答案是A。介词后通常要用动名词，不用不定式。有时候当介词与所考查的动名词被其他成分所隔开时，容易被忽略。介词 from 后接有两个并列成分作宾语，一个是 his parents，另一个是 realizing that…。句意为：一方面来自父母的压力，另一方面自己也意识到已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定不再玩电子游戏了。又如：After looking up their number in the phone book and making sure l had got it right, I phoned again. 我查了电话簿，确信电话号码无误之后，我又打了电话。
3. ______ in the strange forest, the poor girls fell to ______.
A. Lost，crying B. Lost，cry
C. To lost，cry D. Having been lost，crying
解析：答案是A 前后主语一致,前半句省略主语girl,lost是迷路的意思 句意：在陌生的森林里迷路了，可怜的姑娘们哭了起来。
4. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ on his own farm.
A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow
解析：答案是A。由于名词fresh fruit与动词grow之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项D。而B和C虽然可以表示被动，但与句意不吻合，因为being grown表示一个正在进行的被动动作，to be grown表示一个尚未发生的被动动作，均不合题意。
5. They’ll have you ______ if you don’t pay your taxes.
A. to be arrested B. arrest C. arrested D. being arrested
解析：答案是C 如果你不缴税，他们就会逮捕你。因为，缴税是每一个人的义务。have sth /sb done ，这里宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系
6.I remembered ______ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked
解析：答案是B。remember 后接不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语均可，但意思不同：后接不定式表示记住要做某事，后接动名词表示记住做过的事情。根据句意，选B最合适。句意为：我在离开办公室前记住了要锁门，但忘记了要关灯。又如：Please remember to water the plants while I’m away. 我不在时，请记住浇花。
7. All flights ______ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.
A. having cancelled B. were cancelled
C. have been cancelled D. having been cancelled
解析：答案是D 本题考查独立主格结构。根据句子结构，空格应填非非谓语动词，排除AB，其逻辑主语为All flights，而句子的主语是we，因此是考查独立主格结构，flights与cancel之间为被动关系，故选Ｄ。若选Ｂ，则题目应变成when引导的时间状语从句
8. _________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
解析：答案选A。对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理。(be) faced with为固定搭配，其意为“面对”，又如：They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。
9. ________ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
解析：答案是B。根据句意，句子主语the postman与动词bite之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项C；再根据句意（尤其是注意关键词twice）可知，表示正在进行选项A和表示将要发生的选项D均不合题意。全句意为：邮递员被狗咬了两次之后要我们把狗拴起来，不然就不给我们送信了。
10. There have been several new events _________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add
C. adding D. added
解析：答案是D。过去分词作后置定语的特征是：表被动，通常可视为一个被动语态的省略形式。added to the program可视为which have been added to the program之省略。
11. Although it was very late when John began doing the job, he managed with his friend’s assistance, ______ before the building was locked.
A. to be finished B. being finished C. finishing D. to finish
解析：答案是D 独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等逻辑主语＋非谓语动词
12. Despite the earnest efforts of various private groups as well as government agencies, many of the problems have not yet been solved, and much remains to ______.
A. have been done B. be done C. have done D. do
解析：答案是B earnest efforts 认真的努力更合适； sth remain to be done 有待完成
13. If there’s no reply at the front door, _________ round the back
A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming
解析：答案是A 前面是从句。______ round the back 这部分是主句， 在没有主语的情况下只能看成是祈使句， 动词原形开头。B 选项要主语， CD 两个是非谓语动词， 选任何一个都不能使后一部分成为一个主句
14. ________ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
解析：答案是B。首先要注意tired与tiring的意思有区别：前者表示“感到疲劳的”，后者表示“令人疲劳的”或“累人的”，根据句意，显然不宜用tiring，故可排除C；由于是与形容词短语short of breath相并列，所以应选形容词tired。句意为：虽然累得上气不接下气，但安迪和鲁比是最先到达泰山山项的。
