Ⅲ.语法填空
(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
In much of Asia, especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, __1__ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might __2__ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__ (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, __5__ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which __6__ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __7__ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the __8__ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__ (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat __10__ their hands.
答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了筷子的材质、起源及发展等方面的内容。
1．and 考查连词。此处表示这几个国家并列，前面的词用逗号隔开，最后一个词前面应用连词and连接。故填and。
2．be made 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，make在此处为谓语动词；主语“chopsticks”和动词make之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；情态动词might后应接动词原形。故填be made。
3．to create 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示为了做出一些特别的设计，应用不定式形式表目的。故填to create。
4．using 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处与谓语动词“cooked”之间无连词，应用非谓语动词；且动词use与其逻辑主语“People”之间是主动关系，故此处应用use的现在分词形式作状语。故填using。
5．as/when 考查状语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”，故用as；此处也可表示“当……时”，用when。故填as/when。
6．gradually 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词短语“turned into”并在句中作状语，故应用gradual的副词形式。故填 gradually。
7．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代先行词“Confucius”；从句中缺少主语，指孔子，故用who引导该从句。故填who。
8．development 考查词性转换。在定冠词the后面，应用develop的名词形式，表示筷子的发展。故填development。
9．were 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句前半句的动词“would”可知，此处应与其对应，叙述的也是过去的事情，故用一般过去时，且其主语为“knives”，是复数。故填were。
10．with 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指用手吃饭，应用介词with，表示“借助，使用”。故填with。
(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
In much of Asia, especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, __1__ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might __2__ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__ (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, __5__ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which __6__ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __7__ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the __8__ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__ (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat __10__ their hands.
答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了筷子的材质、起源及发展等方面的内容。
1．and 考查连词。此处表示这几个国家并列，前面的词用逗号隔开，最后一个词前面应用连词and连接。故填and。
2．be made 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，make在此处为谓语动词；主语“chopsticks”和动词make之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；情态动词might后应接动词原形。故填be made。
3．to create 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示为了做出一些特别的设计，应用不定式形式表目的。故填to create。
4．using 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处与谓语动词“cooked”之间无连词，应用非谓语动词；且动词use与其逻辑主语“People”之间是主动关系，故此处应用use的现在分词形式作状语。故填using。
5．as/when 考查状语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”，故用as；此处也可表示“当……时”，用when。故填as/when。
6．gradually 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词短语“turned into”并在句中作状语，故应用gradual的副词形式。故填 gradually。
7．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代先行词“Confucius”；从句中缺少主语，指孔子，故用who引导该从句。故填who。
8．development 考查词性转换。在定冠词the后面，应用develop的名词形式，表示筷子的发展。故填development。
9．were 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句前半句的动词“would”可知，此处应与其对应，叙述的也是过去的事情，故用一般过去时，且其主语为“knives”，是复数。故填were。
10．with 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指用手吃饭，应用介词with，表示“借助，使用”。故填with。
